• Chametz Keilim on Pesach
  
• Cheress and plastic
  
• New pots
  
• Pre-seasoned cast-iron

Continuation of 451:1a

• Kashering where you're afraid to break the utensil
  
• Libun gamur for cheress
  
• Three hag'alos for cheress

• Kashering from the side of the b'liah
  
• Heat Exchanger with regeneration

• Hag'alah instead of ne'itzah
  
• Kashering from meat to dairy (part 1)

• Kashering from meat to dairy (part 2)
  
• Kli rishon which is off the fire

• Kashering at 190 F

• Rust
  
• Polymerized oil (and chiddush to always kasher)

• Hetairah balah
  
• Dairy or meat (or chalav stam) blios

• Criteria to require libun gamur

• Spray Dryers

• Libun gamur
  
• Libun kal as libun

• Levels of hag'alah
  
• Piston filler

• Rov tashmisho

• Rov Tashmisho with hetairah balah
  
• Impossible to kasher based on miut tashmisho
  
• Ovens

• Kashering a glass stove top

• Hag'alah when there's a fear of breaking the kli
  
• Klei Adamah

• Length of hag'alah

• Kovush of salt & brine
  
• General rules of kovush

• Machvas

• Libun kal replacing hag'alah (source)
  
• Frying pans

• Only part of the kli touched issur
  
• How far does ta'am travel

• Libun kal as hag'alah

• Welds
  
• Trucking

• Zei'ah, hevel and reichah
  
• Hood or cover over oven or kettle

• Cover on baking tin
  
• Carbon dioxide from chametz

• Even m'lubenes

• Less than a kezayis of chametz
  
• Examples of this at factories

• How clean is clean
  
• Microwaves & Dishwashers

• Fabric
  
• Bag House
  
• Dental appliances

• Rachas
  
• Tables and counters

• Kashering after kovush
  
• Wine barrels

• Beis se'or

• Porcelain enamel
  
• Koji Fermentation

• Varnished wood
  
• Cups used occasionally for hot

• Glass

• Glass (continued)
  
• Chozer v'niur

• Return of blios after kashering
  
• Nat bar Nat

• Waiting 12 months

• Must be aino ben yomo
  
• Kashering after stam yayin

• Calculating aino ben yomo
  
• Pegimah

• Keilim which touch

• Distillation Columns

• Chamei Teveriah
  
• Steam

• Sha'ar Mashkim

• Large pots
  
• Rinse after hag'alah

• Irreligious Jews
  
- Introduction
- Chasnus
- Mumar
- Related Issues

• Pas Paltar
  - Hetiru Pas
  - Times to be machmir

• Jewish-owned Pas Paltar
  
-Two reasons
- Iggeros Moshe

• Definition of a Paltar

• Pas Yisroel is temporarily available
  
• Pas Paltar is more desirable
  
- Better or different
- Cheaper or more convenient

• Egg on Bread
  
- In vs. On
- Knishes
- Egg on bread
- French toast

• Pas Haba'ah B'kisnin
  
-The halacha
- Wraps
- Breakfast cereal
- Pretzels & doughnuts

• Changes in Status
  
- Pas bal habayis from a paltar
- Edible raw & oleh al shulchan melachim

• Pas Bal HaBayis
  
• Bishul Paltar
  
- Maharit Tzahalon
- Rav Moshe's Opinion

• Light bulb & glow plug
  
- Gemara
- Hashlachas Kisem
- Light bulb & glow plug

• Boilers
  
- Koach Gavra
- No cooking in the boiler

• Residual heat
- Like hashlachas kisem
- Mechaber/Rema
- How long can it last?
- Convection (and regular) ovens

• Lifnei Iver
- Issur D'oraisah
- Issur D'rabannan
- Other Considerations

• Late participation in the baking
- Karmu P'nei Hapas
- After ma'achal ben drusai
- Is chitui helpful

• Guests who eat pas paltar
  
• Bitul B'rov
  
- Avidah lit'amah & ma'amid
- D'mai and Pas/bishul Akum
- Kitnios

• B'lios of Pas Akum

• Aivah
- When it applies
- Issurim d'rabannan
- Issurim d'oraisah
- Bnei L'viyah

• Waiting for Pas Yisroel
- Four mil or one mil?
- Measuring a mil
• Mechaber's opinion
- 112:8 and 112:16
- Aseres yimei teshuvah

• Parperes
  
• The food is oleh if prepared differently
  - Three applications
  - Proofs

• Shulchan Melachim
- Chazon Ish
- Explanation

• Mixtures of different foods
  
- Soup and Salad
- Beer

• Food is oleh as a tafel
  
• Stam Keilim

• Cooking in a Jew's house
- Pre-Shulchan Aruch
- Shulchan Aruch and afterwards

• Kavanah
- Boilers

• Jew Started the Cooking
- Gemara
- Rema

• Pas Yisroel leniencies for bishul Yisroel
- Ran
- Rashba
- Terumas HaDeshen
- Shulchan Aruch

• Pilot Light

• Shiur of Ma'achal Ben Drusai
• Non-Jew Removed Food From Fire

• Jew Participated in End of Cooking - Part 1
- Background of the machlokes

• Jew Participated in End of Cooking - Part 2
- Mitztamek V'yafeh Lo
- Hashlachas kisem
- Practical applications
- Cooking was undone

• References to Earlier Discussions
• Safek Bishul Akum
• Basis for Commercial Hashgachah

• Fish Which is Salted and then Cooked
  
- Small Fish
- Passably Edible
- Hot Smoked Salmon
• Edible Raw Together With Other Foods

• Methods of Food Preparation - Part 1
- Brining, Pickling, and Smoking

• Methods of Food Preparation - Part 2
- Smoking, and steam

• Methods of Food Preparation - Part 3
- Microwave, Induction cooktop

• Eggs
- Edible Raw
- Oleh al Shulchan Melachim

• Defining Edible Raw
- Dates and Salted Fish
- Hard Agasin
- Sweet Corn

• Kashering after bishul akum
- Is kashering required
- Choleh
- Shefah
- Ger
- What type of kashering

• Permitted Insects
  - Introduction
  - Water-based insects
  - Bal Tishaktzu
• Assur Mitichlas Briyaso

• Copepods in New York City Water- Part 1
  
- Background
- Moschim and nov'im
- Three opinions

• Aino miskaven

• Pour water into another container
• Choosing a filter
• Incomplete insect (ever she'ain hanishamah teluyah bo, dissolved during cooking)

• Raisins
• Insect eggs

• Definition of Pirash
- Sfekos of the Gemara
- Im timzah lomar
-Pirash meis
- Teiku b'drabannan

• Flour
  
- Milbin
- Two questions
- How is it possible
- Why think it happened

• Takalah
  - Business with forbidden foods
  - When some hold it is mutar
  - Practical applications

• Attached to the ground but didn't crawl
• Citrus Scale

• Atzis she'aino nakuv
  - Mushrooms
  - Modern mushroom growing methods
• Hydroponically grown vegetables
  - Safek issur
  - Leaf miners

• Size of forbidden insects (part 1) - Questions
  - Whose vision?
  - Visible or iIdentifiable?
  - Mutar or ones?

• Size of forbidden insects (part 2)-Direct proofs
  - Five grades of insect sizes
  - Poskim's descriptions of insect sizes
  - Nekudah shechorah
  - Citrus scale

• Size of forbidden insects (part 3)-Indirect proofs)-
  - Lo nitna torah l’malachai hashareis
  - Further details on the lenient opinion
  - Summary

• Where did the infestation occur
  
• Why not follow chazaka
  
• Calimyrna figs

• Source for a chiyuv bedikah
• Checking vegetables on Shabbos (borer, muktzeh, killing the insect)

• Checking Methods
• Sampling instead of checking (part 1)
  - Examples
  - Rav Shlomo Kluger

• Sampling instead of checking (Part 2)
  - Nishmas Adam
  - Support in the Poskim
  - Practical Applications

• Miut Hamatsui
  - Teraifos
  - Insects
  - Defining miut hamatzui
  - Questions
  - Practical (copepods)
  - Other considerations

• Arlah
• Shatnez

• Safek arlah
  - Introduction
  - Principles
  - Kol d'parish and miut hamatzui
  - Safek kavuah
  - Other reasons to be machmir

• Raspberries & Blackberries
  - Frozen vs. fresh
  - Finding insects
  - Chiyuv bedikah on frozen berries

Size of Forbidden Insects

Nosein Ta'am Lifgam (part 1): Dishwashers, pegimah of a steam system